Papillomas are called benign tumors of the skin and mucous membranes. But some strains are capable of causing tissue degeneration. That is why experts recommend timely removal of papillomas. This will prevent the occurrence of malignancies, including the development of cervical cancer in women.
Papillary tumors appear on the skin and mucous membranes due to ingestion of the human papillomavirus (HPV), they may not manifest for a long time. With a weakening of immunity, tissue damage, chronic transport leads to cellular hyperplasia. HPV begins to multiply actively, causing the formation of papillomas or warts on the skin or genital warts (on the genital mucosa).
Predisposing factors
The following factors contribute to the active development of papillomas:
- frequently changing sexual partners, contracting sexually transmitted diseases;
- household contact with people who have warts, warts, or papillomas;
- damage to the skin and mucous membranes;
- weakened immunity.
In 80% of people who have reached puberty, HPV is present in an inactive form. The virus does not cause tumor growth until 6-8 months after exposure to a carrier of the virus. The exception is genital warts and papillomas - they appear in the first weeks after intimate contact with an infected person.
Why remove papilloma?
The papillomavirus poses a serious threat to health. Strains with a high risk of causing cancer are especially dangerous: 16, 18, 30, 31-35, 56-59, 67-68. When papillomas appear, it is necessary to see a dermatologist. The doctor will conduct an external examination and prescribe the diagnosis of PCR, which will determine the DNA of the virus and determine the degree of carcinogenicity of a particular strain.
At the same time, the specialist will choose the most effective surgical techniques. Only a doctor, with the results of the examination in hand, can tell exactly how to remove papillomas with minimal health risks. It is not recommended to leave such tumors. Under the influence of adverse factors, they can become inflamed, bleed, cause benign or malignant tissue hyperplasia.
Important!It is imperative to remove papillomas in intimate places - it is here that tumors with a high risk of cancer most often appear.
If papillomas are found on the external genitalia (vulva, perineum, foreskin), you should see an obstetrician. In addition, it is necessary to pass the tests prescribed by the doctor, the purpose of which is not only to determine the type of HPV, but also to detect concomitant urogenital infections.
Surgery to treat papillomas
The main surgical methods of treating papillomas:
- the use of special local means with which you can get rid of papillomas at home;
- cryodestruction (removal of papillomas with liquid nitrogen);
- laser coagulation (laser removal of papillomas);
- radio waves remove papillomas;
- Cut out the formation with a scalpel.
Any of the methods listed can remove papillomas. The specialist will help you choose the appropriate option, taking into account the location of the tumor, the number of papillomas that have grown out, and the diagnostic data. Before removing the papilloma, the doctor must make sure that there is no malignant process. Given the high risk of cancer, experts prefer the classic method of removing papillomas - removing the tumor with a scalpel.
The main indications for the removal of papillomas:
- the desire to eliminate a cosmetic defect in the form of single papillomas or multiple papillomas on the skin and mucous membranes;
- frequent damage to tumors in the armpit, on the neck, in the inguinal folds, bleeding and inflammation, leading to an increased risk of tissue malignancy;
- detect papillomas of moderate and high carcinogenicity;
- presence among relatives of people with malignant cancer;
- the place of localization of papillomas is the genitals and internal genitalia.
Ideal time to remove papilloma
Before removing papillomas on the body and face, the doctor warns the patient about possible complications, including the formation of age spots. The risk of melasma is higher in spring and summer. Many people are interested in the matter of being able to remove papillomas in the summer. If the formations are located in open areas of the body or on the face, it is better to postpone the operation in the cool season, when the possibility of secondary infection and pigment formation is lower (the activity of UV rays during the winter). fall winter period).
Important!Just removing the tumor is not enough - therefore it will not be able to stop the growth of papillomavirus. Surgical methods must necessarily be combined with treatment methods.
HPV cannot be completely eliminated - a small amount of the virus will remain in the body. But combined with antiretroviral drugs, the surgical approach gives the highest treatment results.
Laser removal of papillomas
Laser papilloma removal is a modern surgical treatment for HPV. Typically, professionals use carbon dioxide laser systems. After the treatment, there are no scars and defects on the skin. The high cost of laser papilloma removal corresponds to the effectiveness of the method. The final cost depends on the size and number of the lesions. At a time, the doctor can conduct laser destruction up to 5-20 medium-sized morphologies. After examination and consultation, the specialist will say exactly how much it will cost to remove papillomas and give detailed recommendations. In addition, antiviral treatment is required. The drug is also selected by the attending physician.
With the help of a laser, papillomas can be removed from any part of the body, including the genitals. This method is bloodless and non-contact. The laser has anti-inflammatory effects on tissues, seals blood vessels, and prevents bleeding. Most often, papillomas appear on the hands (warts) and on the neck - in the form of fibrous warts that are easily damaged during cleaning. Such tumors do not have a high risk of causing cancer, but it is better to remove them.
Features of laser papilloma removal
A dermatologist is consulted before the procedure. The doctor examines the skin, identifying contraindications:
- tissue damage;
- local inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes;
- pregnancy;
- exacerbation of any infectious process;
- Herpes.
During laser papilloma removal, a semiconductor laser is used to vaporize viral tumors and coagulate blood vessels at the same time. After the erupting papillomas are destroyed, a protective sheath (scab) forms on the skin. It self-rejected a week after removal. 2 months after the treatment, the skin is completely even. The site of the papilloma will be no different from the adjacent tissues.
Skin Care
Scales that form after laser papilloma removal must be protected from the sun, water, and cosmetics. It is strictly forbidden to attempt to tear off the crust - this can lead to wound infection, gross scarring and increased healing time of tissues.
After the scabs fall off, sunscreen should be applied to the skin before going outside. This will prevent the formation of age spots. It is not necessary to wear sunscreen during the winter months.
Removal of papillomas with nitrogen
Removal of papillomas with nitrogen involves freezing the tumor (freezing process). This method is effective for single papillomas on the skin. A significant drawback of freezing is the inability to control the depth of tissue freezing. Therefore, it is important to take a responsible approach to choosing a clinic where the papilloma will have to be removed. The doctor must be authorized to perform surgical operations.
Too low a temperature stops the metabolism in the cancer cells, causing their death. At the site of the removed papilloma, a necrotic area is formed, which is gradually replaced by healthy tissue. Most patients can use Cryodestruction. The procedure is much cheaper than other methods (laser coagulation, radiofrequency ablation).
It is possible to remove papillomas both for cosmetic reasons and if there are specific indications. Of particular concern are tumours, which increase dramatically in size, change color and shape, become inflamed and injured during cleaning.
Features of cryodestruction
Before removing the papilloma with liquid nitrogen, the doctor will carefully examine the skin, assess the general state of health and identify contraindications:
- acute infectious processes;
- decompensated stage of somatic disease;
- exacerbation of skin diseases;
- Herpes;
- tissue damage in the area \u200b\u200 site of the tumor;
- Pregnancy period.
Removal of papillomas with nitrogen is done without anesthesia. The cold texture applicator is kept on the tumor for 1-2 minutes. The skin becomes white and cold, and temporarily loses its sensitivity. During the procedure, there is a slight tingling sensation, a burning sensation may appear. Within a few hours of the procedure, the skin swelled and turned red, and within 24 hours of the cold aspiration, vesicular particles appeared on the treatment area, with a serous fluid inside.
The freezing process of the tissues lasts up to a month, after which the dead areas of the tumor are removed and invisible spots appear in their place, which completely disappear after 3-5 monthswhen using liquid nitrogen.
Skin Care
During the first weeks after the removal of papillomas by cryotherapy, you should protect the skin from moisture, sunlight and other adverse factors. If severe inflammation occurs, you should consult your doctor. Normally, the tissues will heal on their own, but with a low rate of epithelialization, your doctor may recommend cosmetics that help accelerate the regeneration of damaged skin.
Removal of papillomas by electrocautery
The coagulation of papillomas involves the removal of foci of skin growth with an electric current. This method is quite painful but it is affordable. High-frequency current coagulates tumor proteins, causing tissue rejection.
Features of the procedure
Prior to coagulation, the specialist may prescribe dermatoscopy, PCR, and other laboratory diagnostic methods. The doctor examines and identifies contraindications:
- exacerbation of herpes infection and any inflammatory process;
- pregnancy;
- suspicion of the malignant nature of the papilloma;
- excessively sensitive skin, allergic reactions to electric currents;
- exacerbations of severe somatic diseases, especially those in the decompensated stage.
Skin Care
Papillary electrocautery does not require complicated skin care. The effects of factors that are prone to inflammation and secondary infection should be avoided. During the first few weeks, the crust that forms is removed, after which the skin is completely cleaned and replaced with new cells. Avoid direct sunlight during this period. Your doctor may recommend treating the wound with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
Removal of papillomas with radio waves
Removal of papillomas by radiofrequency is accompanied by a non-invasive incision and coagulation of the cancerous tissue. Radio waves provide highly accurate results, while not damaging healthy tissues and inhibiting the spread of blood-borne HPV. The radiosurgery devices used in modern clinics are distinguished by their safety and allow to minimize the risk of any complications.
Features of the procedure
Preliminary diagnosis allows you to determine the amount of virus in the body, the type of HPV virus and the level of risk of cancer. When choosing a treatment method, the doctor will take into account the general state of health and identify contraindications:
- pregnancy, menstruation;
- exacerbation of any infectious and inflammatory processes and somatic diseases;
- the presence of malignant tumors;
- exacerbation of herpes infection;
- skin damage at the site of exposure to radio wave equipment.
High frequency energy cuts the skin, coagulates blood vessels and papilla tissues. In this case, the electrode does not come into direct contact with the tissues, which helps to avoid painful sensations and muscle spasms. In contrast to electrocautery, which uses radio waves, it is possible to reduce heat exposure time and reduce necrosis of the treated areas.
Skin Care
The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. The removal of papillomas only takes 15-30 minutes. In place of treated tissue sites, scabs remain, which clear up on their own within a week, leaving no rough scars or other defects. During the recovery period, exposure to water and ultraviolet rays should be limited, cosmetics and household chemicals should not be used.
Surgical removal with scalpel
Scalp removal of papillomas in a classical surgery is used quite rarely, mainly when detecting signs of tumor malignancy. In this case, the surgeon will remove the growing papilloma by capturing healthy skin.
The method causes trauma, leaving scars and stains. If desired, they can be removed using lasers and other cosmetic procedures, including acid peels. Specialists try not to use surgical removal of papillomas on exposed areas of the body and on the face.
Means to remove papillomas
Medicines to get rid of papillomas and warts work in a similar way: they contain substances that cause the destruction of cancer cells and the formation of a small scab in the future. It is recommended to use drugs of a modern type, which have a low risk of complications in the form of secondary infections, acute inflammatory reactions, acne nodules and scars. Refrigeration preparations can also be used in place of the standard de-refrigeration process.
Removing papillomas at home is quite dangerous, especially with large ones. It is better to contact specialists who will select optimal treatment options, including antiviral therapy, to prevent future recurrence of human papillomavirus infection. An expert will tell you exactly how to get rid of papillomas at home and whether it's worth it. Topical preparations are used for single small tumors.
Since it is not always possible to get rid of papillomas with the help of pharmaceutical products, you should still consult a dermatologist. For small tumors, your doctor may recommend medications that have been shown to kill papillomas. In addition, antiviral agents should be used. An integrated approach increases the effectiveness of the entire treatment process. Antiviral drugs can only be dispensed if the papilloma is solitary and is not proliferative and malignant.
Removal of papillomas by folk methods
Get rid of papillomas by folk remedies at home are widely applied. Society does not take papillomavirus seriously. Many people don't even know that papillomas can become malignant. Since it's virtually impossible to get rid of papillomas at home without risking your health, you should consult a dermatologist first. Using modern diagnostic methods, the doctor will assess the nature of the tumor and choose an effective treatment regimen.
Popular methods to remove papillomas at home
You can remove papillomas at home with the following tools:
- celandine juice;
- garlic;
- green walnut juice;
- salicylic acid.
Important!The methods listed will destroy the growths on the skin. The use of these funds on mucous membranes is strictly prohibited due to the high risk of acute inflammatory reactions and chemical burns.
Most often, celandine juice is used to remove papillomas. The affected areas of the skin are treated with this remedy several times a day. In this case, celandine should not be applied to healthy tissues. To prevent burns, you should treat the unaffected skin with vegetable oil or zinc ointment before using the juice.
Garlic has an antiseptic effect, when used for a long time it helps to get rid of warts and papillomas. But this method is not suitable for people with sensitive skin. Garlic often causes inflammatory reactions, a burning sensation, and flushing.
Salicylic acid contributes to the destruction of skin nodules due to the active reproduction of the papillomavirus. This remedy is often included in ready-made preparations for the removal of papillomas and warts. Salicylic acid is applied metallically several times a day until the tumor is completely dead.
The juice of green walnuts fades dark spots on the skin. This tool must be used for a long time to dry the papilloma. Treated fabrics are dark brown in color and may appear flaky and dry.